Dynamics

How to add dynamics?

On this page:

Introduction

Dynamics are events that happen on the client side. These can be separated in two categories:

• Calculations - do calculations on the client side, and update the fields with new value.
• Show/hide fields - decide if fields should be hidden or displayed based on form values.

There are two ways to add and change dynamics for an Altinn App:

1. Directly in Altinn Studio under Lage-tab. Select Rediger dynamikk in the right menu.
2. In a local development environment by working in the file RuleHandler.js which can be found in the App/ui folder.

All dynamics are written as JavaScript functions in the RuleHandler file. Functions that are defined in this file can be configured to run for selected fields in the app.

Add or edit functions for dynamics

There are two JavaScript objects in the file RuleHandler.js:

• ruleHandlerObject - functions for calculations
• conditionalRuleHandlerObject - functions for hiding/showing fields

It is in these objects the functions should be defined. In addition to these there are two helper objects (ruleHandlerHelper and conditionalRuleHandlerHelper), where you configure what input the different functions expect. This is done in order to be able to configure rules in Altinn Studio at a later point. To be able to configure dynamics in Altinn Studio the functions must be defined in the JavaScript objects (ruleHandlerObject or conditionalRuleHandlerObject), and the parameters they expect in the corresponding helper object.

The structure of the helper object:

var ruleHandlerHelper = {
  <name_of_rule>: () => {
    return {
      <input_param>: "<description>",
      <input_param>: "<description>",
      <input_param>: "<description>"
      ...
    };
  }
}

The structure of objects containing the JavaScript functions:

var ruleHandlerObject = {
  <name_of_rule>: (<input_variable_name>) => {
    // Do something here
    // Values from input parameters defined in 
    // helper can be accessed through the object passed
    // into the rule, f.ex.
    // <input_variable_name>.<input_param>
  }
}

For instance, to create a rule that calculates the sum of two numbers (calculation) the following code is needed:

var ruleHandlerHelper = {
  sum: () => {
    return {
      field1: "Field 1 in sum",
      field2: "Field 2 in sum"
    };
  }
}

var ruleHandlerObject = {
  sum: (data) => {
    // Check if data is available
    if (!data) return;

    // Check if value from input fields are available
    // If not, use value 0 in sum
    data.field1 = data.field1 ? data.field1 : 0;
    data.field2 = data.field2 ? data.field2 : 0;

    // return the sum
    return data.field1 + data.field2;
  }
}

Some default methods for calculations, with helper objects, are defined as part of the app template.

Dynamics are run if a change has occurred in the input fields connected to the rule. The functions have to handle cases where, for instance, only one of the two parameters have defined values.

An example of how this could be done is shown in the sum-function below, where missing values are corrected to the value 0.

var ruleHandlerObject = {
  sum: (obj) => {
    obj.value1 = obj.value1 ? +obj.value1 : 0;
    obj.value2 = obj.value2 ? +obj.value2 : 0;
    return obj.value1 + obj.value2;
  },

  fullName: (obj) => {
    return obj.firstName + ' ' + obj.lastName;
  }
}
var ruleHandlerHelper = {
  sum: () => {
    return {
      value1: "Value 1",
      value2: "Value 2"
    }
  },

  fullName: () => {
    return {
      firstName: "First name",
      lastName: "Last name"
    };
  }
}

var conditionalRuleHandlerObject = {
  lengthBiggerThan4: (obj) => {
    if (obj.value == null) return false;
    return obj.value.length >= 4;
  }
}
var conditionalRuleHandlerHelper = {
  lengthBiggerThan4: () => {
    return {
      value: "value"
    }
  }
}

Configure dynamics for UI components

1. Add the relevant UI components to the layout.
2. In the right menu, select Regler for beregninger or Regler for vis/skjul felt.

   

3. Select the wanted rule. Or add a function, as described in the sections above.

   

4. Configure which field(s) that should be used as input for the function - this is fields in the data model.

   

5. Select which component(s) should be affected by the rule (receive value or be shown/hidden) - these are components in the layout.
   • For rules for hiding/showing elements several fields can be selected for the same rule.
6. Save the configuration.
7. Test that the rules works as expected.

Existing configured rules is shown in the right menu, and can be edited/deleted.

The configuration can also be seen in the file App/ui/RuleConfiguration.json. This can be manually edited if necessary.

Example usage of dynamics on an app

Scenario:

An app with a UI has several fields for input. One of these fields is a radio button with the options “Yes” and “No”. Depending on what the user selects, different content is to be displayed:

• Yes: a new input field is shown, along with information about what should be entered.
• No: a different text with information is shown.

This can be solved by adding the following in RuleHandler.js, either through Rediger dynamikk in Altinn Studio, or by manually editing the source code.

var conditionalRuleHandlerObject = {
  sjekkVirksomhetIDrift: (obj) => {
    return (obj.value && obj.value === "Yes");
  },

  sjekkVirksomhetIkkeIDrift: (obj) => {
    return (!obj.value || obj.value != "Yes");
  }
}

var conditionalRuleHandlerHelper = {
  sjekkVirksomhetIDrift: () => {
    return {
      value: "value"
    }
  },
  sjekkVirksomhetIkkeIDrift: () => {
    return {
      value: "value"
    }
  }
}

Here, two functions have been added which checks if the value is “Yes” or not. After this code is added, the rules can be configured in studio. The results are displayed below:

Dynamics in repeating groups

It is also possible to add dynamics within a repeating group. This requires that the rule is configured in Altinn Studio as usual, and then manually doing some extra configuration in the App/ui/RuleConfiguration.json file as described below.

• For each inputParams, {0} need to be added after the group part of the data binding. For instance model.group{0}.field. The index indicator will be replaced by the index for each relevant field in the repeating group.
• For each selectedFields (the fields affected by the rule), {0} needs to be added after the field ID, for instance layoutComponent{0}
• A new property must also be added to the rule, repeatingGroup. This object must contain the ID of the relevant group in the layout file.

Here is an example of a rule that is configured for a repeating group:

{
  "data": {
    "ruleConnection": {},
    "conditionalRendering": {
      "9f9f2a50-360b-11ea-b69a-8510e2e248b9": {
        "selectedFunction": "lengthBiggerThan4",
        "inputParams": {
          "value": "model.group{0}.field"
        },
        "selectedAction": "Show",
        "selectedFields": {
          "first": "some-field{0}",
          "second": "some-other-field{0}"
        },
        "repeatingGroup": {
          "groupId": "the-group-id",
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

Nested repeating groups

It is also possible to add dynamics for nested repeating groups. The configuration resembles that of a repeating group, but a second parameter childGroupId is added in the repeatingGroupobject, as well as an extra index indicator.

Example:

{
    "data": {
        "ruleConnection": {},
        "conditionalRendering": {
            "hide-nested-group-field": {
                "selectedFunction": "shouldHide",
                "inputParams": {
                    "value": "someGroup{0}.nestedGroup{1}.someField"
                },
                "selectedAction": "Hide",
                "selectedFields": {
                    "field": "the-component-id{0}{1}"
                },
                "repeatingGroup": {
                    "groupId": "mainGroup",
                    "childGroupId": "subGroup"
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

Example with more complex dynamics

Scenario: An app has two sets of radiobuttons (yes/no) and a checkbox.

• When the app is loaded, only the first set of radiobuttons is visible.
• If the user selects Yes, the second set of radiobuttons is shown.
  • If the user selects Yes in the second choice, the checkbox is shown.
  • If the user goes back to the first set of radiobuttons and selects No, both the second set of radiobuttons and the checkbox are hidden.

Alternative 1

This can be solved by configuring two different conditions for when the fields should be displayed:

• One condition for the second set of radiobuttons
  • Is shown if Yes is selected in the first set
• One condition for the checkbox
  • Is shown if Yes is selected in both sets of radiobuttons.

Example code that can solve this case:

var conditionalRuleHandlerObject = {
  showField2: (obj) => {
    if (obj && obj.field1 && obj.field1=== "yes") {
      return true;
    }
    return false;
  },

  showField3: (obj) => {
    if (obj && obj.field1 && obj.field1 === "yes"
      && obj.field2 && obj.field2 === "yes") {
        return true;
    }
    return false;
  }
}

var conditionalRuleHandlerHelper = {
  showField2: () => {
    return {
      field1: "Field 1"
    };
  },

  showField3: () => {
    return {
      field1: "Field 1",
      field2: "Field 2"
    };
  }
}

Alternative 2

This can also be configured by using the same condition to show both the second set of radiobuttons and the checkbox. In addition, there needs to be a rule that removes the value from the second set of radiobuttons if the user selects No in the first set:

var ruleHandlerObject = {
  clearField: (obj) => {
    if (obj && obj.checkValue === "no") {
      return "";
    }
    return obj.currentValue;
  }
}

var ruleHandlerHelper = {
  clearField: () =>  {
    return {
      checkValue: "check against this value",
      currentValue: "the current value"
    }
  }
}

var conditionalRuleHandlerObject = {
  showField: (obj) => {
    if (obj && obj.checkField && obj.checkField === "yes") {
      return true;
    }
    return false;
  }
}

var conditionalRuleHandlerHelper = {
  showField: () => {
    return {
      checkField: "check against this value"
    };
  }
}

Dynamics in PDF

From Nuget versions 3.0.0 it is also possible to add dynamics for the PDF. This is done in the PDF Handler. The application must include the layout/ui/Settings.json file defined here.

Configuring dynamics in PDF is similar to how validations are added on the server side.

In the example below, if the string some-value is part of a value in the data model, the component with the ID 079f205b-c9ea-414d-9983-0d158e833e8a is hidden. The ID is reflected in the layout files.

        public async Task<LayoutSettings> FormatPdf(LayoutSettings layoutSettings, object data)
        {
            if (data is Skjema)
            {
                Skjema skjema = (Skjema)data;

                if (skjema?.Innledninggrp9342?.Kontaktinformasjongrp9344?.KontaktpersonNavndatadef2?.value.Contains("some-value") == true)
                {
                    layoutSettings.Components = new Components();
                    layoutSettings.Components.ExcludeFromPdf = new System.Collections.Generic.List<string>();
                    layoutSettings.Components.ExcludeFromPdf.Add("079f205b-c9ea-414d-9983-0d158e833e8a");
                }
            }
            
            return await Task.FromResult(layoutSettings);
        }
        ```